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Ocelot Logo

Release Status Development Status ReadTheDocs coveralls codecov License: MIT NuGet Downloads

About

Ocelot is a .NET API gateway. This project is aimed at people using .NET running a microservices (service-oriented) architecture that needs a unified point of entry into their system. However, it will work with anything that speaks HTTP(S) and runs on any platform that ASP.NET Core supports.

Ocelot consists of a series of ASP.NET Core middlewares arranged in a specific order. Ocelot custom middlewares manipulate the HttpRequest object into a state specified by its configuration until it reaches a request builder middleware, where it creates a HttpRequestMessage object, which is used to make a request to a downstream service. The middleware that makes the request is the last thing in the Ocelot pipeline. It does not call the next middleware. The response from the downstream service is retrieved as the request goes back up the Ocelot pipeline. There is a piece of middleware that maps the HttpResponseMessage onto the HttpResponse object, and that is returned to the client. That is basically it, with a bunch of other features!

Install

Ocelot is designed to work with ASP.NET Core and it targets net9.0 STS and net8.0, net10.0 LTS target framework monikers (TFMs). 1 Install Ocelot package and its dependencies using the .NET CLI:

dotnet add package Ocelot

All versions are available on NuGet.

Documentation

  • RST-sources: This includes the source code for the documentation (in reStructuredText format, .rst files), which is up to date for the current development. And the rendered HTML documentation is available here.
  • Read the Docs: This official website, in HTML format, contains a wealth of information and will be helpful if you want to understand the features that Ocelot currently offers. The rendered HTML documentation, which is currently in development, is available here.
  • Ask Ocelot Guru: It is an AI focused on Ocelot, designed to answer your questions. 2

Features

The primary featuresβ€”Configuration and Routingβ€”are always utilized by users, even in a minimal app setup, without customizations or extra configurations. Ocelot's capabilities are categorized into three main groups of features: solid, hybrid, and feature-family groups, which are explained below.

  • Solid features are unique to Ocelot. They do not contain subfeatures and are not related to other features.
  • Hybrid features, on the other hand, have multiple relationships with other features and can be part of other features.
  • Feature families are large groups that consist of multiple subfeatures.
Group Features
Primary Configuration, Routing
Solid Caching, Delegating Handlers, Quality of Service3, Rate Limiting
Hybrid Administration, Aggregation4, Authentication, Configuration, Dependency Injection, Load Balancer
Family Configuration, Routing, Logging, Transformations, Service Discovery5

Feature groups are explained in the table below

Feature Relationships and Notes
Administration Administration heavily depends on Authentication, and Administration API methods are part of Authentication, Caching, and Configuration
Aggregation4 Aggregation relies on Routing
Authentication Authentication followed by Authorization
Configuration Configuration depends on Dependency Injection, including GET/POST operations via the Administration REST API, a specialized Websockets scheme/protocol, advanced Middleware Injection, and Metadata-based extensions
Routing Routing offers specialized Websockets and Dynamic Routing modes but does not support GraphQL6
Load Balancer Load Balancer is a critical dependency for Service Discovery
Logging Logging includes Error Handling and Tracing
Service Discovery5 Service Discovery with the following discovery providers: Consul, Kubernetes, Eureka, and Service Fabric
Transformations They provide transformations for Claims, Headers, and Method

Ocelot customizations can be configured using Metadata, developed with Delegating Handlers, and in advanced scenarios, they can be developed and then configured with Middleware Injection. For further details, refer to the Documentation.

πŸ“ Repository Structure

Welcome to Ocelot's minimalist folder organization! Our repository follows a clean, flat structure that makes it easy to navigate and contribute. Here's where everything lives:

🎯 Quick Overview

Ocelot/
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“¦ src/                 # Main library source code (Ocelot NuGet package)
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Configuration/       # Configuration system & builders
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ DependencyInjection/ # IoC setup & extension methods
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Authentication/      # Auth middleware & schemes
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ RateLimiting/        # Rate limiting policies
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ Routing/             # Core routing logic
β”‚   └── ...                  # Other features (Caching, Load Balancing, etc.)
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ§ͺ unit/                    # Unit tests (fast, isolated tests)
β”‚   └── Ocelot.UnitTests.csproj  # Component-level test suite
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ βœ… acceptance/              # Integration tests (end-to-end scenarios)
β”‚   └── Ocelot.Acceptance.csproj # Full pipeline test suite
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“Š benchmark/               # Performance benchmarking
β”‚   └── Ocelot.Benchmarks.csproj # Using BenchmarkDotNet
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸš€ manual/                  # Manual testing & demo apps
β”‚   └── Ocelot.ManualTest.csproj # Sample applications
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ› οΈ testing/                 # Shared test infrastructure (Ocelot.Testing NuGet package)
β”‚   └── Ocelot.Testing.csproj    # Common test utilities & helpers
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“– docs/                    # Documentation source files (https://ocelot.readthedocs.io website)
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ *.rst files              # reStructuredText documentation
β”‚   └── make.* scripts           # Terminal build scripts for generating HTML docs
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ“š samples/                 # Example projects & demonstrations
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ βš™οΈ .config/                 # Build & versioning configuration
β”‚   └── dotnet-tools.json        # CI and local building tools configuration
β”‚
β”œβ”€β”€ πŸ”§ .github/                 # GitHub-specific settings
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ steps/                   # CI/CD terminal scripts for GitHub Actions steps
β”‚   β”œβ”€β”€ workflows/               # CI/CD pipelines (GitHub Actions)
β”‚   └── *.md files               # Markdown configuration supporting GitHub process
β”‚
└── πŸ“‹ Root Configuration       # Solution & project files
    β”œβ”€β”€ Ocelot.slnx              # Visual Studio 2026+ solution (Ocelot development)
    β”œβ”€β”€ Ocelot.Samples.slnx      # Visual Studio 2026+ solution (Ocelot samples)
    β”œβ”€β”€ .editorconfig            # Code style & formatting rules
    β”œβ”€β”€ build.cake               # Cake build automation (Release workflow only)
    └── ReleaseNotes.md          # Template for release notes (used in GitHub Actions)

πŸ“– Folder Guide

Folder Purpose Who Uses It
src Production source code for the Ocelot library Core contributors, feature developers
unit Fast unit tests for individual components All test writers, feature developers
acceptance Comprehensive integration & end-to-end tests QA engineers, integration specialists
benchmark Performance measurement projects Performance engineers, optimization team
manual Manual testing apps and code examples QA team, demonstrations
testing Shared test utilities, base classes, helpers Everyone writing tests
docs Documentation source (reStructuredText format) Documentation maintainers
samples Example projects showing Ocelot features in action Developers learning Ocelot, solution architects
.config Build scripts and version configuration DevOps, release managers
.github CI/CD workflows and GitHub settings DevOps, automation engineers

πŸ—ΊοΈ Where to Find Things

πŸ“ I want to...

See examples?

  • Check samples/ for complete working projects
  • Each sample demonstrates different Ocelot features
  • Great starting point for learning best practices

Add a new feature

  • Create your feature directory under src/
  • Write unit tests in unit/
  • Add integration & end-to-end tests in acceptance/
  • Update docs in docs/

Fix a bug

  • Find the component in src/
  • Create a test that reproduces the issue (in unit/ or acceptance/)
  • Fix the bug
  • Verify the test passes

Write tests

  • Unit tests β†’ unit/ (test individual methods/classes)
  • Integration tests β†’ acceptance/ (test workflows across components)
  • End-to-end tests β†’ acceptance/ (test complete user scenarios for HTTP conveyor)
  • Shared utilities β†’ Check testing/ for available base classes

Improve performance

  • Add benchmarks in benchmark/
  • Compare before/after results
  • Document findings in PR description

Update documentation

  • Edit .rst files in docs/
  • Build locally: cd docs && make html
  • Preview in docs/_build/html/index.html

Configure CI/CD

  • GitHub Actions workflows in .github/workflows/
  • Build config in .config/ and in build.cake
  • Cake build scripts in build.cake

Understand code layout

  • Entry point: src/DependencyInjection/ConfigurationBuilderExtensions.cs
  • Core routing: src/Routing/
  • Middleware pipeline: src/Middleware/

πŸš€ Getting Started

  1. New to Ocelot?

    • Start with src/DependencyInjection/ to understand the startup flow
    • Read docs/ for architecture and feature documentation
  2. Want to run tests?

    • Unit tests: dotnet test unit/Ocelot.UnitTests.csproj --verbosity quiet
    • Acceptance tests: dotnet test acceptance/Ocelot.Acceptance.csproj
  3. Need to benchmark?

    • cd benchmark && dotnet run -c Release
  4. Contributing?

    • Place code in appropriate folder (usually src/FeatureName/)
    • Add tests in parallel structure under unit/ or acceptance/
    • Submit a pull request! πŸŽ‰

Contributing

You can see what we are working on in the backlog. We love to receive contributions from the community, so please keep them coming. Pull requests, issues, and commentary welcome! octocat

Please complete the relevant template for issues and pull requests. Sometimes it's worth getting in touch with us to discuss changes before doing any work in case this is something we are already doing or it might not make sense. We can also give advice on the easiest way to do things octocat

Finally, we mark all existing issues as label: help wanted label: small effort label: medium effort label: large effort.7 If you want to contribute for the first time, we suggest looking at a label: help wanted label: small effort label: good first issue octocat

Notes

Footnotes

  1. Starting with version 21 and higher, the solution's code base supports Multitargeting as SDK-style projects. It should be easier for teams to migrate to the currently supported .NET 8, 9 and 10 frameworks. Also, new features will be available for all .NET SDKs that we support via multitargeting. Find out more here: Target frameworks in SDK-style projects ↩

  2. Ocelot Guru is an unofficial tool to get answers regarding Ocelot: please consider it an advanced search tool. Thus, we have an official Questions & Answers category in the Discussions space. ↩

  3. Retry policies only via Polly library referenced within the Ocelot.QualityOfService.Polly extension package, a former Ocelot.Provider.Polly package. ↩

  4. Previously, the Aggregation feature was called Request Aggregation in versions 23.4.3 and earlier. Internally, within the Ocelot team, this feature is referred to as Multiplexer. ↩ ↩2

  5. Ocelot supports the following service discovery providers: (1) Consul through the Ocelot.Discovery.Consul extension package, (2) Kubernetes via the Ocelot.Provider.Kubernetes extension package, and (3) Netflix Eureka, which utilizes the Steeltoe.Discovery.Eureka package referenced within the Ocelot.Discovery.Eureka extension package. Additionally, Ocelot supports (4) Azure Service Fabric for service discovery, along with special modes such as Dynamic Routing and Custom Providers. ↩ ↩2

  6. Ocelot does not directly support GraphQL. Developers can easily integrate the GraphQL for .NET library. ↩

  7. See all labels for the repository, which are useful for searching and filtering. ↩

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